Zinc and folic acid have a protective effect on sperm, playing an important role in testicular development and sperm maturation. Coenzyme Q10 and L-carnitine improve sperm concentration, motility, and morphology.

Selenium is involved in brain development and maintaining normal physiological functions.

L-arginine is a precursor of nitric oxide, which helps blood vessels open to improve blood flow, while vitamin E and glutathione are antioxidants that can neutralize free radicals.